Cytoxan Side Effects

Cyclophosphamide is a drug that is used primarily for treating several types of cancer. Unfortunately, normal cells also are affected, and this results in serious side effects. The FDA approved Cytoxan in November 1959. Cyclophosphamide is used alone for the treatment of several types of cancers but often in combination with other drugs to treat breast cancer, leukemia and ovarian cancer. The usual oral dose is 1-5 mg/kg daily. Side effects of cyclophosphamide include hair loss, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, weight loss, sterility, and jaundice. Cyclophosphamide suppresses production of blood cells from the bone marrow, including white blood cells (leukopenia), red blood cells (anemia) and platelets (thrombocytopenia). Leukopenia reduces the ability of the body to fight infection, thrombocytopenia impairs the ability of blood to clot, and anemia reduces the ability of blood to carry oxygen. Cyclophosphamide suppresses the immune system which may result in serious and sometimes fatal infections. Cyclophosphamide may cause inflammation of the urinary bladder with bleeding (hemorrhagic cystitis).